AWS LightSail CentOS8 to AlmaLinux8

Category：Web Server

Pub.date：2022-02-14

Support for CentOS7 will expire on June 30, 2024.<br>
CentOS8 support has already expired on December 31, 2021.<br>
Here are the steps to set up AlmaLinux8 on LightSail as a new OS.

## confirmation of the current situation

```
[centos@ ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.2.2004 (Core)
```
Can't just yum update.
```
[centos@ ~]$ sudo su -

[root@ ~]# yum update
CentOS-8 - AppStream  55  B/s |  38  B   00:00
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist
```

## Rewrite two files

```
[root@ ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-AppStream.repo
```
(before)
```
# CentOS-AppStream.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[AppStream]
name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
```
(after)
```
# CentOS-AppStream.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[AppStream]
name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
```

```
[root@ ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
```
(before)
```
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[BaseOS]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
```
(after)
```
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[BaseOS]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
```

## Update CentOS8 with yum update

```
[root@ ~]# yum update

[root@ ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.5.2111

[root@ ~]# reboot
```

## Migration to AlmaLinux

<a href="https://github.com/AlmaLinux/almalinux-deploy" target="_blank">https://github.com/AlmaLinux/almalinux-deploy</a>

Download Migration Script to AlmaLinux
```
[centos@ ~]$ sudo su -
[root@ ~]# curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AlmaLinux/almalinux-deploy/master/almalinux-deploy.sh
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 34993  100 34993    0     0   187k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  187k
[root@ ~]# ls
almalinux-deploy.sh
```
Migration to AlmaLinux
```
[root@ ~]# bash ./almalinux-deploy.sh

[root@ ~]# cat /etc/almalinux-release
AlmaLinux release 8.5 (Arctic Sphynx)

[root@ ~]# reboot
```
After checking the version, reboot the system.<br>
Done.

## Checking AlmaLinux

```
[root@ ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@ yum.repos.d]# ls -la
total 40
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  221 Feb 14 05:07 .
drwxr-xr-x. 95 root root 8192 Feb 14 04:59 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  951 Dec 21 19:51 almalinux-ha.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  893 Dec 21 19:51 almalinux-plus.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  971 Dec 21 19:51 almalinux-powertools.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 2690 Dec 21 19:51 almalinux.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1049 Dec 21 19:51 almalinux-resilientstorage.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  812 Feb 14 04:23 CentOS-AppStream.repo.rpmsave
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  790 Feb 14 04:27 CentOS-Base.repo.rpmsave
[root@ yum.repos.d]# cat almalinux.repo
```
```
# almalinux.repo

[baseos]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - BaseOS
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/baseos
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
countme=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

[appstream]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - AppStream
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/appstream
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
countme=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

[extras]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/extras
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
countme=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

## Sources
[baseos-source]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - BaseOS Source
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/baseos-source
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/BaseOS/Source/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

[appstream-source]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - AppStream Source
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/appstream-source
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/AppStream/Source/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux
# almalinux.repo

[extras-source]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - Extras Source
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/extras-source
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/extras/Source/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

## Debuginfo
[baseos-debuginfo]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - BaseOS debuginfo
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/baseos-debuginfo
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/BaseOS/debug/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

[appstream-debuginfo]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - AppStream debuginfo
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/appstream-debuginfo
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/AppStream/debug/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux

[extras-debuginfo]
name=AlmaLinux $releasever - Extras debuginfo
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.almalinux.org/mirrorlist/$releasever/extras-debuginfo
# baseurl=https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/$releasever/extras/debug/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux
```

```
[root@ yum.repos.d]# yum update
Last metadata expiration check: 0:23:23 ago on Mon 14 Feb 2022 04:48:42 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[root@ yum.repos.d]# yum upgrade
Last metadata expiration check: 0:23:30 ago on Mon 14 Feb 2022 04:48:42 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[root@ yum.repos.d]#
```

## Remove the migration script

```
[root@ yum.repos.d]# cd ~
[root@ ~]# ls -la
total 60
dr-xr-x---.  3 root root   151 Feb 14 04:55 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root   224 Feb 14 04:49 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 34993 Feb 14 04:46 almalinux-deploy.sh
-rw-------.  1 root root   350 Feb 14 04:58 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    18 Aug 12  2018 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   176 Aug 12  2018 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   176 Aug 12  2018 .bashrc
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   100 Aug 12  2018 .cshrc
drwx------.  2 root root    29 Feb 14 04:02 .ssh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   129 Aug 12  2018 .tcshrc
[root@ ~]# ls
almalinux-deploy.sh
[root@ ~]# rm almalinux-deploy.sh
rm: remove regular file 'almalinux-deploy.sh'? y
[root@ ~]# ls
[root@ ~]#
```

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